TRADITIONAL BONE SETTING AS A COMMUNITY-BASED HEALING SYSTEM: A REVIEW OF INDIGENOUS ORTHOPAEDIC PRACTICES AND NATURAL REMEDIES FROM KARNATAKA (An ICSSR Funded Study)

Abstract

Traditional bone setting represents an indigenous system of fracture management that integrates manual realignment techniques, immobilization methods, and natural therapeutic agents derived primarily from medicinal plants. Despite its continued utilization in rural and semi-urban populations, this practice remains insufficiently documented within scientific literature.

The present review combines primary documentation of traditional bone setting practices in Karnataka with a narrative synthesis of published studies to examine indigenous orthopaedic techniques and natural remedies employed in fracture care. Emphasis is placed on materials used, procedural variations, regional diversity, and proposed mechanisms of action.

The findings indicate that traditional bone setters utilize tactile diagnosis, controlled manipulation, herbal pastes, medicated oils, and locally sourced splints to manage fractures and joint injuries. While accessibility and cultural acceptance contribute to sustained use, concerns related to standardization and delayed referral remain. This review highlights the need for systematic documentation and scientific validation to enhance safety while preserving indigenous knowledge.